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  | header1 = Layer Info
  | header1 = Layer Info
  |  label2 = Category |  data2 = Management
  |  label2 = Category |  data2 = Management
  |  label3 = Sub-category |  data3 = Environmental conditions
  |  label3 = Sub-category |  data3 = [[Categories_and_Layers#tab=Environmental_conditions|Environmental conditions]]
  |  label4 = Editable |  No
  |  label4 = Editable |  No
  |  
  |  
}}
}}
==Description==
==Description==


The sediments layer portrays the type of sea floor you can find in the sea area.
The sediments layer portrays the type of sea floor you can find in the sea area.
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==MSP Challenge==
==MSP Challenge==


The sediments layer is a static layer, it can help in decision making to plan for wind farms or other structures fixed to the sea floor. It can also assist in identifying potentially important areas for protection.


 
Return to [[Categories and Layers#tab=Environmental conditions|environmental conditions]].
The sediments layer is a static layer, it can help in decision making to plan for wind farms or other structures fixed to the sea floor. It can also assist in identifying potentially important areas for protection.  
 
   
   
=North Sea=
=North Sea=
In this tab you can see the information that applies concretely to the North Sea edition of the MSP Challenge.
In this tab you can see the information that applies concretely to the North Sea edition of the MSP Challenge.
The sediment layer retrieved from Emodnet shows the type of sediment found on the seafloor. Most categories or sediments will be based on the grain size of the sediment present, and whenever this cannot be retrieved, the category "sediment" is used. In addition, whenever a species or group of species covers the sediment, it will be categorised as a habitat. For instance, 'Mytilus edulis beds' is used when beds formed by Mytilys edulis are present; but when several species are present, the type used is more general as in 'mussel beds'. For more information, please refer to the types below.


==Types==
==Types==


===== Biogenic substrate =====
* [[Biogenic substrate]]
Comming soon
* [[Coarse substrate]]
 
* [[Fine mud]]
===== Coarse substrate =====
* [[Fine mud or Sandy mud or Muddy sand]]
Comming soon
* [[Limaria hians beds]]
 
* [[Mixed sediment]]
===== Fine mud =====
* [[Modiolus modiolus beds]]
Comming soon
* [[Muddy sand]]
 
* [[Mussel beds]]
===== Fine mud or Sandy mud or Muddy sand =====
* [[Mytilus edulis beds]]
Comming soon
* [[Ostrea edulis beds]]
 
* Rock or other hard substrata
===== Limaria hians beds =====
* [[Sabellaria spinulosa reefs]]
Common name: Flame shells
* [[Sand]]
 
* [[Sandy mud]]
"This habitat has a restricted distribution in the North East Atlantic Region, with current known records confined to the west coast of Scotland and one sea lough in Ireland. There are no long term (>50 year) data sets, but more recent studies show that several known beds in Scotland have declined in extent and density of L. hians individuals since first studied in the late 1970's. In Ireland, the dense L. hians beds in Mulroy Bay reported in 1995 are no longer present in the southern section. Because of the decline in quantity and quality of this habitat in recent years, together with its narrow geographical distribution and the continuing threats, this habitat has been assessed as Vulnerable."
* Sea bed
 
* [[Sediment]]
"Flame shell beds are likely to be sensitive to substratum loss, smothering, increased wave action, changes in water flow, physical disturbance, synthetic contaminants, increased nutrients, decreased salinity, and extraction. Flame shell beds are highly vulnerable to seabed trawling and dredging, evidence of this is found in the destruction of the once large beds in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland. Other threats include coastal developments and coastal defences, disturbance by mooring chains and anchors and contamination by Tributyl Tin (TBT) a component of antifouling paint."
* [[Worm reefs]]
 
Source: European Red List of Habitats - Marine Habitat Group. (2015). Retrieved from [https://projects.eionet.europa.eu/european-red-list-habitats/library/marine-habitats/sample-level-5-assessments/north-east-atlantic-level-5 European Environment Information and Observation Network], accessed on 2021-11-10.
 
===== Mixed sediment =====
Comming soon
 
===== Modiolus modiolus beds =====
Comming soon
 
===== Muddy sand =====
Comming soon
 
===== Mussel beds =====
Comming soon
 
===== Mytilus edulis beds =====
Comming soon
 
===== Ostrea edulis beds =====
"Natural stocks of flat oyster Ostrea edulis, and naturally occurring beds of O. edulis are known to have been more abundant and widespread in the 18th and  19th centuries with large offshore oyster grounds in the southern North Sea, the English Channel, the Irish Sea and off the southwest to north-west coasts of Ireland. OSPAR has listed O. edulis and O. edulis beds as threatened and/or declining in all regions where they occur. In the Wadden Sea, oyster beds are resently considered to be ‘critical’ (under immediate threat of extinction) and have therefore been added to a Red List of macrofaunal benthic invertebrates for the area. There is currently insufficient information, however, to determine the true distribution and extent of the habitat throughout the North East Atlantic  region."
 
"During the 20th century, the occurrence of O. edulis beds in European waters has declined, largely due to excessive harvesting and disease outbreaks. O. edulis  beds are also sensitive to a wide range of pressures, such as: substratum loss, smothering, decrease in temperature, increase in wave exposure, increased water flow, abrasion and physical disturbance, synthetic compound contamination, introduction of microbial pathogens/parasites, heavy metal contamination, changes in oxygenation, introduction of nonnative species and harvesting."
 
Source: European Red List of Habitats - Marine Habitat Group. (2016). Retrieved from [https://projects.eionet.europa.eu/european-red-list-habitats/library/marine-habitats/sample-level-5-assessments/north-east-atlantic-level-5 European Environment Information and Observation Network], accessed on 2022-02-10.
 
For more information please refer to the original document [https://projects.eionet.europa.eu/european-red-list-habitats/library/marine-habitats/sample-level-5-assessments/north-east-atlantic-level-5/a5.435-ostrea-edulis-beds-shallow-sublittoral-muddy-mixed-sediment/download/en/1/A5.435%20Ostrea%20edulis%20beds%20on%20shallow%20sublittoral%20muddy%20mixed%20sediment.pdf here].
 
===== Rock or other hard substrata =====
Comming soon
 
===== Sabellaria spinulosa reefs =====
Comming soon
 
===== Sand =====
Comming soon
 
===== Sandy mud =====
Comming soon
 
===== Sea bed =====
Comming soon
 
===== Sediment =====
Comming soon
 
===== Worm reefs =====
Comming soon


==Metadata==
==Metadata==
Line 115: Line 67:
===Methodology===
===Methodology===
The geometries within the North Sea areas were selected and values were attributed to each sediment type present in the area. Then the attributes values were used to rasterise  the data. The raster data layer was then reprojected to Lambert's Azimuthal Equal Area (EPSG:3035) projection.
The geometries within the North Sea areas were selected and values were attributed to each sediment type present in the area. Then the attributes values were used to rasterise  the data. The raster data layer was then reprojected to Lambert's Azimuthal Equal Area (EPSG:3035) projection.
== North Sea Digital Twin Edition ==
=== Description ===
In the North Sea Digitial Twin Edition, the sediments layer is retrieved from Emodnet. The name of the layer is 'Seabed Substrates 1:1M' and represent the different types of sediments to be found on the seabed.
The map is collated from data from Partners and generalized data at smaller scales. Where necessary, the existing substrate classifications (of individual maps) have been translated to a scheme that is supported by EUNIS. This EMODnet reclassification scheme consists of altogether five seabed substrate classes. Four substrate classes are defined on the basis of the modified Folk triangle (mud to sandy mud; sand; coarse sediment; and mixed sediment) and one additional substrate class (rock and boulders) was included by the project team.
The seabed substrate maps were produced March 2019. The sedimentation rates April 2021. The maps are updated automatically through an [https://drive.emodnet-geology.eu/geoserver/gtk/wms WMS] connection with Emodnet.


=Baltic Sea=
=Baltic Sea=
In this tab you can see the information that applies concretely to the Baltic Sea edition of the MSP Challenge.


==Types==
==Types==
Line 125: Line 87:
==Metadata==
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
===Data Source===
Enter data source for Baltic Sea here.
DHI, EuSeaMap, BALANCE, retrieved from HELCOM on 2017-10-09.


===Original Title===
===Original Title===
Enter name of the layer at the Baltic Sea source.
Seabed sediment polygon (BALANCE)


===Description===
===Description===
Line 135: Line 97:


Description retrieved from [https://maps.helcom.fi/website/mapservice/ HELCOM]'s metadata page for this resource (2021-07-19)
Description retrieved from [https://maps.helcom.fi/website/mapservice/ HELCOM]'s metadata page for this resource (2021-07-19)
===Creation Date===
===Creation Date===


Line 143: Line 103:
===Methodology===
===Methodology===


This layer was adapted for MSP Challenge integration. The photic and non-photic zones were merged to obtain just the sediments' classes: sand, mud and clay , and hard bottom.  
This layer was adapted for MSP Challenge integration. The photic and non-photic zones were merged to obtain just the sediments' classes: sand, mud and clay, and hard bottom.
 
== Western Baltic Sea ==
The sediments layer in the Western Baltic Sea Edition remains consistent with that featured in the Baltic Sea edition.


=Clyde Marine Region=
=Clyde Marine Region=
Not applicable.


==Types==
This layer is not available in the Clyde Marine Region Edition.
Clyde Marine Region types here
 
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
Enter data source for Clyde Marine Region here.
 
===Original Title===
Enter name of the layer at the Clyde Marine Region source.
 
===Description===
Enter the description of the Clyde Marine Region dataset here.
 
===Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd Clyde Marine Region
 
===Methodology===
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Clyde Marine Region Edition.


=Adriatic Sea=
=Adriatic Sea=
Not applicable.


==Types==
This layer is not available in the Adriatic Sea Edition.
Adriatic Sea types here
 
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
Enter data source for Adriatic Sea here.
 
===Original Title===
Enter name of the layer at the Adriatic Sea source.
 
===Description===
Enter the description of the Adriatic Sea dataset here.


===Creation Date===
=Eastern Mediterranean Sea =
yyyy-mm-dd Adriatic Sea
Not applicable.
 
===Methodology===
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Adriatic Sea Edition.


<headertabs/>
This layer is not present in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.<headertabs/>

Latest revision as of 12:59, 14 May 2024

Sediments
File:Layer Sediments.png
Layer Info
Category Management
Sub-category Environmental conditions

Description

The sediments layer portrays the type of sea floor you can find in the sea area.

MSP Challenge

The sediments layer is a static layer, it can help in decision making to plan for wind farms or other structures fixed to the sea floor. It can also assist in identifying potentially important areas for protection.

Return to environmental conditions.

In this tab you can see the information that applies concretely to the North Sea edition of the MSP Challenge.

The sediment layer retrieved from Emodnet shows the type of sediment found on the seafloor. Most categories or sediments will be based on the grain size of the sediment present, and whenever this cannot be retrieved, the category "sediment" is used. In addition, whenever a species or group of species covers the sediment, it will be categorised as a habitat. For instance, 'Mytilus edulis beds' is used when beds formed by Mytilys edulis are present; but when several species are present, the type used is more general as in 'mussel beds'. For more information, please refer to the types below.

Types

Metadata

Data Source

EMODnet Seabed Habitats dataportal.

Original Title

EUSeaMap (2021) Broad-Scale Predictive Habitat Map - Substrate type (a habitat descriptor)

Description

“Classified seabed substrate types for European seas. Produced by EMODnet Seabed Habitats as an input layer for the 2021 EUSeaMap broad-scale habitat model, based on a combination of EMODnet Geology seabed substrate products and biological substrates extracted from individual habitat maps from surveys around European seas.”

“Biological substrates were included in the 2021 version of EUSeaMap to assist in the classification of biogenic habitats for the 2019 version of EUNIS. The Folk 5 classification of substrate is adopted because it is compatible with both the 2007-11 and 2019 versions of EUNIS, both of which have been applied in EUSeaMap 2021.”

Description retrieved from http://gis.ices.dk/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/dd52a1a4-842c-4306-9e03-c322c5028c2d, on 2021-11-11

Creation Date

2021-09-24

Methodology

The geometries within the North Sea areas were selected and values were attributed to each sediment type present in the area. Then the attributes values were used to rasterise  the data. The raster data layer was then reprojected to Lambert's Azimuthal Equal Area (EPSG:3035) projection.

North Sea Digital Twin Edition

Description

In the North Sea Digitial Twin Edition, the sediments layer is retrieved from Emodnet. The name of the layer is 'Seabed Substrates 1:1M' and represent the different types of sediments to be found on the seabed.

The map is collated from data from Partners and generalized data at smaller scales. Where necessary, the existing substrate classifications (of individual maps) have been translated to a scheme that is supported by EUNIS. This EMODnet reclassification scheme consists of altogether five seabed substrate classes. Four substrate classes are defined on the basis of the modified Folk triangle (mud to sandy mud; sand; coarse sediment; and mixed sediment) and one additional substrate class (rock and boulders) was included by the project team.

The seabed substrate maps were produced March 2019. The sedimentation rates April 2021. The maps are updated automatically through an WMS connection with Emodnet.

In this tab you can see the information that applies concretely to the Baltic Sea edition of the MSP Challenge.

Types

  • Hard Bottom
  • Mud and Clay
  • Sand

Metadata

Data Source

DHI, EuSeaMap, BALANCE, retrieved from HELCOM on 2017-10-09.

Original Title

Seabed sediment polygon (BALANCE)

Description

"The dataset was created to be used in the HELCOM Baltic Sea Impact Index (BSII). It represents benthic biotope complexes in the Baltic Sea, based on a combination of geological sediment data and light availability data. The dataset contains the following six classes: 1 = Photic sand 2 = Non-photic sand 3 = Photic mud and clay 4 = Non-photic mud and clay 5 = Photic hard bottom 6 = Non-photic hard bottom The sediment data used in this dataset has been produced within the EU Interreg IIIB project BALANCE (www.balance-eu.org). The light availability data has been produced withing the EUSeaMap project (unpublished data) and was reported on request to HELCOM Secreteriat by DHI."

Description retrieved from HELCOM's metadata page for this resource (2021-07-19)

Creation Date

Not available. Revision date: 2010-10-01.Updated in 2017.

Methodology

This layer was adapted for MSP Challenge integration. The photic and non-photic zones were merged to obtain just the sediments' classes: sand, mud and clay, and hard bottom.

Western Baltic Sea

The sediments layer in the Western Baltic Sea Edition remains consistent with that featured in the Baltic Sea edition.

Not applicable.

This layer is not available in the Clyde Marine Region Edition.

Not applicable.

This layer is not available in the Adriatic Sea Edition.

Not applicable.

This layer is not present in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.

Retrieved from "https://knowledge.mspchallenge.info/index.php?title=Sediments&oldid=5791"
This page was last edited on 14 May 2024, at 12:59. Content is available under GPLv3 unless otherwise noted.