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==Description==
==Description==


Cetaceans are a diverse group of marine mammals that are well-adapted to life in the water. They include whales, dolphins and porpoises. Cetaceans have streamlined bodies, which allow them to move efficiently through the water. They use flukes (tail fins) for propulsion. Despite being marine mammals, cetaceans are air-breathing creatures. They possess blowholes on the tops of their heads, which they use to surface and breath. It enables them to remain underwater for extended periods, varying depending on the species. Key features include their complete adaptation to aquatic life, frequently substantial size, and strictly carnivorous diet. There are over 80 recognized species of cetaceans, this includes the largest animal on Earth, the blue whale.
==== Example species: Minke whale ====


'''Habitat:''' Pelagic <br>
Cetaceans play crucial roles in marine ecosystems, influencing prey populations and maintaining the balance of marine food webs. Many cetacean species are migratory, traveling long distances between feeding and breeding grounds. Often cetacean species are highly social and live pods or schools. These groups can range in size from a few individuals to several hundred.
'''Main role:''' Predator <br>
'''Trophic level:''' 4,36


'''Diet:''' Their diet is dominated by fish: mostly sandeel, but also herring, mackerel and gadoids such as whiting, haddock, and Norway pout.
'''Diet:''' Cetaceans exhibit a wide range of feeding behaviors and diets. Some species are filter feeders, consuming tiny plankton and small fish, while others are active hunters, capturing larger prey like fish and squid.


'''Threats:''' Minke whales are sensitive to entanglement in fishing gear and boating accidents. Fishing can deplete their food resources.
'''Threats:''' Cetaceans have been the target of extensive hunting for their meat, blubber, and oil by commercial enterprises. Noise pollution from sources like shipping, oil drilling, and military activities can interfere with cetacean communication, navigation, and feeding. This can lead to stress and reduced reproductive success. Additionally overfishing of key prey species for cetaceans, can lead to food scarcity and overall population declines.


<br>
Return to [[Categories and Layers#tab=Birds%20and%20mammals|Birds and Mammals]].
 
=North Sea=
==== Example species: Porpoise ====
 
'''Habitat:''' Pelagic <br>
'''Main role:''' Predator <br>
'''Trophic level:''' 4,8


'''Diet:''' Porpoises prey on whiting and sandeel.
== Information ==
[[File:640x427-white-beaked-dolphin.jpg|thumb|White-Beaked Dolphin ([https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/white-beaked-dolphin NOAA])]]
'''Example species:''' [https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137101 Lagenorhynchus albirostris](White-beaked dolphin)


'''Threats:''' Sensitive to entanglement in fishing nets and fishing depletion of food resources.
'''Habitat:''' Pelagic


<br>
'''Main role:''' Predator


==== Example species: White-beaked dolphin ====
'''Habitat:''' Pelagic <br>
'''Main role:''' Predator <br>
'''Trophic level:''' 4,8
'''Trophic level:''' 4,8


'''Diet:''' They prey on whiting and cephalopods.
'''Diet:''' They prey on whiting and cephalopods.


'''Threats:''' Sensitive to entanglement in fishing nets and fishing depletion of food resources.
'''Threats:''' Sensitive to entanglement in fishing nets, a critical threat to their well-being. Additionally, the depletion of food resources due to extensive fishing activities


==MSP Challenge==
The Cetacean species in the North Sea are: Minke whale (''[https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137087 Balaenoptera acutorostrata]''), Porpoise (''[https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137087 Phocoena phocoena]''), White-beaked dolphin (''[https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137101 Lagenorhynchus albirostris]''), and Atlantic white-sided dolphin (''[https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137100 Lagenorhynchus acutus]''). In the North Sea they feed on Herring, Mackerel, Sandeel and Demersal Fish. Their well-being is significantly affected by noise, and they actively avoid surface disturbance. Additionally, they are often seen as by-catch in drift & fixed nets fishing. 


The cetaceans group includes the following species: '''Minke whale, Porpoise, White-beaked dolphin''' and Atlantic white-sided dolphin.
Cetaceans are only caught a little bit by the [[Drift and Fixed Nets Catch|drift and fixed nets fishing]] fleet.
=North Sea=
==Types==
==Types==
* Very Low Density
* Very Low Density
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==Metadata==
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
===Data Source===
Enter data source for North Sea here.
Cetacean is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our [https://community.mspchallenge.info/wiki/Ecosystem_simulation_(MEL_%26_EwE)' Wiki page] or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.


===Original Title===
For detailed information on how the simulation works for the North Sea Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called "[https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11580-250221 Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning]".
Enter name of the layer at the North Sea source.
 
===Description===
Enter the description of the North Sea dataset here.
 
===Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd North Sea
 
===Methodology===
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge North Sea Edition.


=Baltic Sea=
=Baltic Sea=
Not applicable. This layer is not yet available in the MSP Challenge Baltic Sea Edition.
==Western Baltic Sea==
The cetacean layer in the Western Baltic Sea edition only represents the '''Harbour Popoise'''.


==Types==
==Types==
Baltic Sea types here


==Metadata==
* Very Low Density
===Data Source===
* Low Density
Enter data source for Baltic Sea here.
* Medium Density
* High Density
* Very High Density


===Original Title===
== Metadata==
Enter name of the layer at the Baltic Sea source.
=== Data Source===
Cetacean is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our [https://community.mspchallenge.info/wiki/Ecosystem_simulation_(MEL_%26_EwE)' Wiki page] or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.


===Description===
=Clyde Marine Region=
Enter the description of the Baltic Sea dataset here.


===Creation Date===
== Information ==
yyyy-mm-dd Baltic Sea
Add species types in the EwE


===Methodology===
In the Clyde Marine Region cetaceans feed on Sandeel and their well-being is significantly affected by noise, and they actively avoid surface disturbance.
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Baltic Sea Edition.
 
=Clyde Marine Region=


==Types==
==Types==
Line 115: Line 87:
==Metadata==
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
===Data Source===
Enter data source for Clyde Marine Region here.
Cetacean is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our [https://community.mspchallenge.info/wiki/Ecosystem_simulation_(MEL_%26_EwE) Wiki page] or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.


===Original Title===
For detailed information on how the simulation works for the Clyde Marine Region Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called "[https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11580-250221 Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning]".


Enter name of the layer at the source.
=Adriatic Sea=
Not applicable. This layer is not yet available in the MSP Challenge Adriatic Sea Edition.


=Eastern Mediterranean Sea=


===Description===
== Information ==
Enter the description of the Clyde Marine Region dataset here.
Add species EwE
 
===Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd Clyde Marine Region
 
===Methodology===
 
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge.
 
 
=Adriatic Sea=


==Types==
==Types==
Adriatic Sea types here


==Metadata==
* Very Low Density
===Data Source===
* Low Density
Enter data source for Adriatic Sea here.
* Medium Density
 
* High Density
===Original Title===
* Very High Density
Enter name of the layer at the Adriatic Sea source.
 
===Description===
Enter the description of the Adriatic Sea dataset here.


===Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd Adriatic Sea
===Methodology===
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Adriatic Sea Edition.
=Eastern Mediterranean Sea=
==Types==
Eastern Mediterranean Sea types here
==Metadata==
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
===Data Source===
Enter data source for Eastern Mediterranean Sea here.
Cetacean is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our [https://community.mspchallenge.info/wiki/Ecosystem_simulation_(MEL_%26_EwE) Wiki page] or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.<headertabs/>
===Original Title ===
Enter name of the layer at the Eastern Mediterranean Sea source.
=== Description===
Enter the description of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea dataset here.
=== Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd Eastern Mediterranean Sea
===Methodology===
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Eastern Mediterranean Sea Edition.<headertabs/>

Latest revision as of 08:59, 21 May 2024

Cetacean
File:Layer Cetacean.png
Layer Info
Category Ecology
Sub-category Birds and mammals

Description

Cetaceans are a diverse group of marine mammals that are well-adapted to life in the water. They include whales, dolphins and porpoises. Cetaceans have streamlined bodies, which allow them to move efficiently through the water. They use flukes (tail fins) for propulsion. Despite being marine mammals, cetaceans are air-breathing creatures. They possess blowholes on the tops of their heads, which they use to surface and breath. It enables them to remain underwater for extended periods, varying depending on the species. Key features include their complete adaptation to aquatic life, frequently substantial size, and strictly carnivorous diet. There are over 80 recognized species of cetaceans, this includes the largest animal on Earth, the blue whale.

Cetaceans play crucial roles in marine ecosystems, influencing prey populations and maintaining the balance of marine food webs. Many cetacean species are migratory, traveling long distances between feeding and breeding grounds. Often cetacean species are highly social and live pods or schools. These groups can range in size from a few individuals to several hundred.

Diet: Cetaceans exhibit a wide range of feeding behaviors and diets. Some species are filter feeders, consuming tiny plankton and small fish, while others are active hunters, capturing larger prey like fish and squid.

Threats: Cetaceans have been the target of extensive hunting for their meat, blubber, and oil by commercial enterprises. Noise pollution from sources like shipping, oil drilling, and military activities can interfere with cetacean communication, navigation, and feeding. This can lead to stress and reduced reproductive success. Additionally overfishing of key prey species for cetaceans, can lead to food scarcity and overall population declines.

Return to Birds and Mammals.

Information

White-Beaked Dolphin (NOAA)

Example species: Lagenorhynchus albirostris(White-beaked dolphin)

Habitat: Pelagic

Main role: Predator

Trophic level: 4,8

Diet: They prey on whiting and cephalopods.

Threats: Sensitive to entanglement in fishing nets, a critical threat to their well-being. Additionally, the depletion of food resources due to extensive fishing activities

The Cetacean species in the North Sea are: Minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), White-beaked dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris), and Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus). In the North Sea they feed on Herring, Mackerel, Sandeel and Demersal Fish. Their well-being is significantly affected by noise, and they actively avoid surface disturbance. Additionally, they are often seen as by-catch in drift & fixed nets fishing.

Types

  • Very Low Density
  • Low Density
  • Medium Density
  • High Density
  • Very High Density

Metadata

Data Source

Cetacean is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our Wiki page or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.

For detailed information on how the simulation works for the North Sea Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called "Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning".

Not applicable. This layer is not yet available in the MSP Challenge Baltic Sea Edition.

Western Baltic Sea

The cetacean layer in the Western Baltic Sea edition only represents the Harbour Popoise.

Types

  • Very Low Density
  • Low Density
  • Medium Density
  • High Density
  • Very High Density

Metadata

Data Source

Cetacean is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our Wiki page or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.

Information

Add species types in the EwE

In the Clyde Marine Region cetaceans feed on Sandeel and their well-being is significantly affected by noise, and they actively avoid surface disturbance.

Types

  • Extremely Low
  • Low
  • Medium
  • High
  • Extra High

Metadata

Data Source

Cetacean is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our Wiki page or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.

For detailed information on how the simulation works for the Clyde Marine Region Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called "Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning".

Not applicable. This layer is not yet available in the MSP Challenge Adriatic Sea Edition.

Information

Add species EwE

Types

  • Very Low Density
  • Low Density
  • Medium Density
  • High Density
  • Very High Density

Metadata

Data Source

Cetacean is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our Wiki page or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.

Retrieved from "https://knowledge.mspchallenge.info/index.php?title=Cetacean&oldid=5838"
This page was last edited on 21 May 2024, at 08:59. Content is available under GPLv3 unless otherwise noted.