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| ===== Biogenic substrate ===== | | ===== Biogenic substrate ===== |
| Coming soon
| | Substrate from biological origin. |
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| ===== Coarse substrate ===== | | ===== Coarse substrate ===== |
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| Coming soon | | Coming soon |
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| ===== Limaria hians beds ===== | | ===== [[Limaria hians beds]] ===== |
| Common name: Flame shells
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| "This habitat has a restricted distribution in the North East Atlantic Region, with current known records confined to the west coast of Scotland and one sea lough in Ireland. There are no long term (>50 year) data sets, but more recent studies show that several known beds in Scotland have declined in extent and density of L. hians individuals since first studied in the late 1970's. In Ireland, the dense L. hians beds in Mulroy Bay reported in 1995 are no longer present in the southern section. Because of the decline in quantity and quality of this habitat in recent years, together with its narrow geographical distribution and the continuing threats, this habitat has been assessed as Vulnerable."
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| "Flame shell beds are likely to be sensitive to substratum loss, smothering, increased wave action, changes in water flow, physical disturbance, synthetic contaminants, increased nutrients, decreased salinity, and extraction. Flame shell beds are highly vulnerable to seabed trawling and dredging, evidence of this is found in the destruction of the once large beds in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland. Other threats include coastal developments and coastal defences, disturbance by mooring chains and anchors and contamination by Tributyl Tin (TBT) a component of antifouling paint."
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| Source: European Red List of Habitats - Marine Habitat Group. (2015). Retrieved from [https://projects.eionet.europa.eu/european-red-list-habitats/library/marine-habitats/sample-level-5-assessments/north-east-atlantic-level-5 European Environment Information and Observation Network], accessed on 2021-11-10.
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| ===== Mixed sediment ===== | | ===== Mixed sediment ===== |
| coming soon | | coming soon |
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| ===== Modiolus modiolus beds ===== | | ===== [[Modiolus modiolus beds]] ===== |
| Common name: Horse Mussel
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| "The horse mussel Modiolus modiolus forms dense beds, at depths up to 70 m (but may extend onto the lower shore), mostly in fully saline conditions and often in tide-swept areas. Although M.modiolus is a widespread and common species, horse mussel beds (with typically 30% cover or more) are more limited in their distribution. M.modiolus beds are found on a range of substrata, from cobbles through to muddy gravels and sands, where they tend to have a stabilising effect, due to the production of byssal threads." OSPAR Comission (2009).
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| "As M.modiolus is an Arctic-Boreal species, its distribution ranges from the seas around Scandinavia (including Skagerrak & Kattegat) and Iceland south to the Bay of Biscay." OSPAR Comission (2008).
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| "Nomination of M.modiolus beds to be placed on the OSPAR list cited sensitivity, ecological significance and decline with information also provided on threat. The nomination was for all OSPAR regions." OSPAR Comission (2008)
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| "The main threat to Modiolus beds is from fishing, particularly using trawls and dredges, which damage both the Modiolus and associated epibenthic species." OSPAR Comission (2008)
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| "Modiolus beds are also likely to be badly damaged by other physical impacts such as aggregate extraction, trenching and pipe/cable-laying, dumping of spoil/cuttings or use of jack-up drilling rigs." OSPAR Comission (2008)
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| Sources:
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| "Case Reports for the OSPAR List of Threatened and/or Declining Species and Habitats". OSPAR Commission (2008). Retrieved from https://www.ospar.org/site/assets/files/44271/horse_mussel_beds.pdf accessed on 2022-02-10.
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| "Background Document for Modiolus modiolus beds". OSPAR Commission (2009). Retrieved from https://www.ospar.org/documents?v=7193, accessed on 2022-02-10.
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| For more information please refer to the original documents cited.
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| ===== Muddy sand ===== | | ===== Muddy sand ===== |
| coming soon | | coming soon |
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| coming soon | | coming soon |
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| ===== Ostrea edulis beds ===== | | ===== [[Ostrea edulis beds]] ===== |
| "Natural stocks of flat oyster Ostrea edulis, and naturally occurring beds of O. edulis are known to have been more abundant and widespread in the 18th and 19th centuries with large offshore oyster grounds in the southern North Sea, the English Channel, the Irish Sea and off the southwest to north-west coasts of Ireland. OSPAR has listed O. edulis and O. edulis beds as threatened and/or declining in all regions where they occur. In the Wadden Sea, oyster beds are resently considered to be ‘critical’ (under immediate threat of extinction) and have therefore been added to a Red List of macrofaunal benthic invertebrates for the area. There is currently insufficient information, however, to determine the true distribution and extent of the habitat throughout the North East Atlantic region."
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| "During the 20th century, the occurrence of O. edulis beds in European waters has declined, largely due to excessive harvesting and disease outbreaks. O. edulis beds are also sensitive to a wide range of pressures, such as: substratum loss, smothering, decrease in temperature, increase in wave exposure, increased water flow, abrasion and physical disturbance, synthetic compound contamination, introduction of microbial pathogens/parasites, heavy metal contamination, changes in oxygenation, introduction of nonnative species and harvesting."
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| Source:
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| "European Red List of Habitats", Marine Habitat Group (2016). Retrieved from https://projects.eionet.europa.eu/european-red-list-habitats/library/marine-habitats/sample-level-5-assessments/north-east-atlantic-level-5, accessed on 2022-02-10.
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| For more information please refer to the original document cited..
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| ===== Rock or other hard substrata ===== | | ===== Rock or other hard substrata ===== |
| coming soon | | coming soon |
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| ==Metadata== | | ==Metadata== |
| ===Data Source=== | | ===Data Source=== |
| Enter data source for Baltic Sea here.
| | DHI, EuSeaMap, BALANCE, retrieved from HELCOM on 2017-10-09. |
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| ===Original Title=== | | ===Original Title=== |
| Enter name of the layer at the Baltic Sea source.
| | Seabed sediment polygon (BALANCE) |
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| ===Description=== | | ===Description=== |
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| Description retrieved from [https://maps.helcom.fi/website/mapservice/ HELCOM]'s metadata page for this resource (2021-07-19) | | Description retrieved from [https://maps.helcom.fi/website/mapservice/ HELCOM]'s metadata page for this resource (2021-07-19) |
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| ===Creation Date=== | | ===Creation Date=== |
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| ===Methodology=== | | ===Methodology=== |
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| This layer was adapted for MSP Challenge integration. The photic and non-photic zones were merged to obtain just the sediments' classes: sand, mud and clay , and hard bottom. | | This layer was adapted for MSP Challenge integration. The photic and non-photic zones were merged to obtain just the sediments' classes: sand, mud and clay, and hard bottom. |
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| =Clyde Marine Region= | | =Clyde Marine Region= |
| | Not applicable. |
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| ==Types==
| | This layer is not available in the Clyde Marine Region Edition. |
| Clyde Marine Region types here
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| ==Metadata==
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| ===Data Source===
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| Enter data source for Clyde Marine Region here.
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| ===Original Title===
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| Enter name of the layer at the Clyde Marine Region source.
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| ===Description===
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| Enter the description of the Clyde Marine Region dataset here.
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| ===Creation Date===
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| yyyy-mm-dd Clyde Marine Region
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| ===Methodology===
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| Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Clyde Marine Region Edition.
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| =Adriatic Sea= | | =Adriatic Sea= |
| | Not applicable. |
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| ==Types==
| | This layer is not available in the Adriatic Sea Edition.<headertabs/> |
| Adriatic Sea types here
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| ==Metadata==
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| ===Data Source===
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| Enter data source for Adriatic Sea here.
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| ===Original Title===
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| Enter name of the layer at the Adriatic Sea source.
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| ===Description===
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| Enter the description of the Adriatic Sea dataset here.
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| ===Creation Date===
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| yyyy-mm-dd Adriatic Sea
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| ===Methodology===
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| Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Adriatic Sea Edition.
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| <headertabs/> | |
Co-funded by the European Union.