(Created page with "Category:Fish =General Information= {{Infobox | title = {{PAGENAME}} | image = 200px | headerstyle = background:#595958; color:#f9f9f9; | header1 = Layer Info | label2 = Category | data2 = Ecology | label3 = Sub-category | data3 = Fish | label4 = Editable | No | }} ==Description== ==== Sandeels ==== '''Habitat:''' Demersal <br> '''Main role:''' Prey <br> '''Trophic level:''' 3 – 3,5 '''Diet:''' Their diet is do...")
 
No edit summary
 
(9 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 13: Line 13:
}}
}}
==Description==
==Description==
'''Scientific name:''' [https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126752 Ammodytes tobianus] (Common/Lesser Sandeel)


==== Sandeels ====
'''Habitat:''' Demersal <br>
'''Habitat:''' Demersal <br>
'''Main role:''' Prey <br>
'''Main role:''' Prey <br>
'''Trophic level:''' 3 – 3,5
'''Trophic level:''' 3 – 3,5


'''Diet:''' Their diet is dominated by zooplankton, but polychaetes, meiofauna and other small benthos have also an important role.
'''IUCN Red List Assessment:''' [https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18155960/44738727 Data Deficient]


'''Threats:''' Of commercial interest. They are caught in large quantities by specialized industrial fisheries.
'''Diet:''' Their diet is dominated by zooplankton, but includes polychaetes, meiofauna, and other small benthos. Because of their diet and the fact that they are eaten by larger marine predators, sandeels represent an important link between the lower and upper levels of the marine food web.


<br>
'''Threats:''' Sandeels are commercially interesting for various purposes, including use as bait and for aquaculture. They are caught in large quantities by specialized industrial fisheries. Despite being highly managed, the majority of sandeel stock have experienced severe declines. This is caused by a combination of overfishing and the effects of climate change.  
 
=North Sea=
==== European sprat ====
'''Habitat:''' Pelagic<br>
'''Main role:''' Prey <br>
'''Trophic level:''' 3
 
'''Diet:''' zooplankton.
 
'''Threats:''' Highly commercial. Sprats are caught by various trawl gear and seine nets, and are often preserved by smoking. Juvenile sprats are marketed as whitebait. However, the larger part of the international catch is used in the fishmeal industry.
 
==MSP Challenge==
 
Sandeel and sprat are part of one single data layer. This is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE).


Different pressures generate by human activities ([[Noise|noise]], [[Bottom Disturbace|bottom disturbance]], [[Surface Disturbance|surface disturbance]], [[Artificial Substrate|artificial substrate]]) have different, complex effects on marine species in terms of movement, survival and procreation.
== Information ==
There are two dominant species of Sandeel in the North Sea: the Common Sandeel (''[https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126752 Ammodytes tobianus]'') and the Greater Sandeel (''[https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126756 Hyperoplus lanceolatus]''). Both are small, slender fish that primarily inhabit sandy or muddy substrates along coastal areas. They are known for their ability to burrow into the sand to avoid predators. In the North Sea, Sandeels are highly nutritious and are therefore preferred prey for many other species of fish, seabirds, seals, whales and dolphins. Additionally, they hold economic significance in the North Sea region, being commercially targeted for various purposes, including use as bait in fishing and for human consumption.  


Sandeel and sprat are caught by all fishing fleets, but mostly by [[Industrial and Pelagic Trawl Catch|industrial and pelagic trawl]].
The data layer "Sandeel" in the North Sea Edition of the MSP Challenge also includes '''[[Sprat]]'''. In the North Sea, "Sandeel" feeds on Benthic Invertebrates and is prey for primarily Demersal Fish, Mackerel, Seabirds, Seals, Cataceans, Flatfish and Cod. They avoid Noise, Bottom Disturbance and Surface Disturbance. They are caught through Industiral & Pelagic Trawl fishing.   
   


=North Sea=
==Types==
==Types==
* Very Low Density
* Very Low Density
Line 57: Line 40:
==Metadata==
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
===Data Source===
Enter data source for North Sea here.
The layer "Sandeel" includes '''both Sandeel and [[Sprat]]''' for the MSP Challenge North Sea Edition. Sandeel is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our [https://community.mspchallenge.info/wiki/Ecosystem_simulation_(MEL_%26_EwE)' Wiki page] or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.
 
===Original Title===
Enter name of the layer at the North Sea source.
 
===Description===
Enter the description of the North Sea dataset here.
 
===Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd North Sea


===Methodology===
For detailed information on how the simulation works for the North Sea Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called "[https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11580-250221 Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning]".
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge North Sea Edition.


=Baltic Sea=
=Baltic Sea=
Not applicable. This layer is not yet available in the MSP Challenge Baltic Sea Edition.


==Types==
=Clyde Marine Region=
Baltic Sea types here
 
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
Enter data source for Baltic Sea here.
 
===Original Title===
Enter name of the layer at the Baltic Sea source.
 
===Description===
Enter the description of the Baltic Sea dataset here.
 
===Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd Baltic Sea


===Methodology===
== Information ==
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Baltic Sea Edition.
There are 5 species of Sandeel found around in Scottish seas, including the Clyde Marine Region. The two most common species are Raitt's Sandeel (''[https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126751 Ammodytes marinus]'') and the Lesser Sandeel (''[https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126752 Ammodytes tobianus]''). Both are small, slender fish that primarily inhabit sandy or muddy substrates along coastal areas. They are known for their ability to burrow into the sand to avoid predators. They feed primarily on plankton of variable size, ranging from small plankton eggs up to larger energy rich copepods found in great abundance in Scotland's seas. They are a primary prey for various species of seabirds, and larger fish and are essential food for marine mammals.  


=Clyde Marine Region=
In the Clyde Marine Region, Sandeel is prey for primairly Seals, but also for Cod, Whitting, Cataceans, Birds, Sharks and Rays and Skates. Sandeel avoid Noise.


==Types==
==Types==
Clyde Marine Region types here
* Extremely Low
* Low
* Medium
* High
* Extra High


==Metadata==
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
===Data Source===
Enter data source for Clyde Marine Region here.
Sandeel is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our [https://community.mspchallenge.info/wiki/Ecosystem_simulation_(MEL_%26_EwE)' Wiki page] or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.
 
===Original Title===
Enter name of the layer at the Clyde Marine Region source.
 
===Description===
Enter the description of the Clyde Marine Region dataset here.
 
===Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd Clyde Marine Region


===Methodology===
For detailed information on how the simulation works for the Clyde Marine Region Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called "[https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11580-250221 Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning]".
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Clyde Marine Region Edition.


=Adriatic Sea=
=Adriatic Sea=
Not applicable. This layer is not yet available in the MSP Challenge Adriatic Sea Edition.


==Types==
=Eastern Mediterranean Sea=
Adriatic Sea types here
Not applicable. This layer is not yet available in the MSP Challenge Eastern Mediterranean Sea Edition.<headertabs/>
 
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
Enter data source for Adriatic Sea here.
 
===Original Title===
Enter name of the layer at the Adriatic Sea source.
 
===Description===
Enter the description of the Adriatic Sea dataset here.
 
===Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd Adriatic Sea
 
===Methodology===
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Adriatic Sea Edition.
 
<headertabs/>

Latest revision as of 09:56, 10 October 2023

Sandeel
File:Layer Sandeel.png
Layer Info
Category Ecology
Sub-category Fish

Description

Scientific name: Ammodytes tobianus (Common/Lesser Sandeel)

Habitat: Demersal
Main role: Prey
Trophic level: 3 – 3,5

IUCN Red List Assessment: Data Deficient

Diet: Their diet is dominated by zooplankton, but includes polychaetes, meiofauna, and other small benthos. Because of their diet and the fact that they are eaten by larger marine predators, sandeels represent an important link between the lower and upper levels of the marine food web.

Threats: Sandeels are commercially interesting for various purposes, including use as bait and for aquaculture. They are caught in large quantities by specialized industrial fisheries. Despite being highly managed, the majority of sandeel stock have experienced severe declines. This is caused by a combination of overfishing and the effects of climate change.

Information

There are two dominant species of Sandeel in the North Sea: the Common Sandeel (Ammodytes tobianus) and the Greater Sandeel (Hyperoplus lanceolatus). Both are small, slender fish that primarily inhabit sandy or muddy substrates along coastal areas. They are known for their ability to burrow into the sand to avoid predators. In the North Sea, Sandeels are highly nutritious and are therefore preferred prey for many other species of fish, seabirds, seals, whales and dolphins. Additionally, they hold economic significance in the North Sea region, being commercially targeted for various purposes, including use as bait in fishing and for human consumption.

The data layer "Sandeel" in the North Sea Edition of the MSP Challenge also includes Sprat. In the North Sea, "Sandeel" feeds on Benthic Invertebrates and is prey for primarily Demersal Fish, Mackerel, Seabirds, Seals, Cataceans, Flatfish and Cod. They avoid Noise, Bottom Disturbance and Surface Disturbance. They are caught through Industiral & Pelagic Trawl fishing.

Types

  • Very Low Density
  • Low Density
  • Medium Density
  • High Density
  • Very High Density

Metadata

Data Source

The layer "Sandeel" includes both Sandeel and Sprat for the MSP Challenge North Sea Edition. Sandeel is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our Wiki page or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.

For detailed information on how the simulation works for the North Sea Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called "Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning".

Not applicable. This layer is not yet available in the MSP Challenge Baltic Sea Edition.

Information

There are 5 species of Sandeel found around in Scottish seas, including the Clyde Marine Region. The two most common species are Raitt's Sandeel (Ammodytes marinus) and the Lesser Sandeel (Ammodytes tobianus). Both are small, slender fish that primarily inhabit sandy or muddy substrates along coastal areas. They are known for their ability to burrow into the sand to avoid predators. They feed primarily on plankton of variable size, ranging from small plankton eggs up to larger energy rich copepods found in great abundance in Scotland's seas. They are a primary prey for various species of seabirds, and larger fish and are essential food for marine mammals.

In the Clyde Marine Region, Sandeel is prey for primairly Seals, but also for Cod, Whitting, Cataceans, Birds, Sharks and Rays and Skates. Sandeel avoid Noise.

Types

  • Extremely Low
  • Low
  • Medium
  • High
  • Extra High

Metadata

Data Source

Sandeel is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our Wiki page or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.

For detailed information on how the simulation works for the Clyde Marine Region Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called "Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning".

Not applicable. This layer is not yet available in the MSP Challenge Adriatic Sea Edition.

Not applicable. This layer is not yet available in the MSP Challenge Eastern Mediterranean Sea Edition.

Retrieved from "https://knowledge.mspchallenge.info/index.php?title=Sandeel&oldid=5670"
This page was last edited on 10 October 2023, at 09:56. Content is available under GPLv3 unless otherwise noted.