(Created page with "Category:Fish =General Information= {{Infobox | title = {{PAGENAME}} | image = 200px | headerstyle = background:#595958; color:#f9f9f9; | header1 = Layer Info | label2 = Category | data2 = Ecology | label3 = Sub-category | data3 = Fish | label4 = Editable | No | }} ==Description== '''Habitat:''' Benthopelagic <br> '''Main role:''' Predator <br> '''Trophic level:''' 4,6 '''Diet:''' Juvenile cod are pelagic and feed ma...")
 
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==Description==
==Description==
'''Scientific name:''' [https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126436 Gadus morhua](Atlantic Cod)


'''Habitat:''' Benthopelagic <br>
'''Habitat:''' Benthopelagic <br>
'''Main role:''' Predator <br>
'''Main role:''' Predator <br>
'''Trophic level:''' 4,6
'''Trophic level:''' 4,4


'''Diet:''' Juvenile cod are pelagic and feed mainly on copepods. At a size of approximately 7 cm they adopt a demersal way of life with a diet that initially comprised of crustaceans. As they grow, bigger fish become increasingly important as prey.
'''IUCN Red List Assessment:''' [https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8784/12931575 Vulnerable]


'''Threats:''' Highly commercial and vulnerable (IUCN red list). Cod is a highly fished top predator, which has seen several stock collapses in the 1990s around the world due to overfishing. In the North Sea cod stocks seem to be slowly recovering. Cod are also very sensitive to fluctuations in temperature.
'''Diet:''' In general, the diet of cod varies depending on its life stage, habitat and the availability of prey. When cod are very young, they primarily feed on small zooplankton. As they grow older their diet includes a wider range of prey, including larger zooplankton, such as shrimp and krill, and small fish. Adult cod are opportunistic feeders, and their diet consists of a variety of fish species, as well as squid and crabs.


'''Threats:''' The stock of cod experiences worldwide collapses around the early 1990's and again in the early 2000's. These collapses have had profound ecological, economic and social impacts. The collapses of cod stock highlight the vulnerability of this species to overfishing and changes in environmental conditions.
=North Sea=


==MSP Challenge==
== Information ==
 
In the North Sea, several species of cod can be found. The most common and important cod species in the North Sea is the Atlantic Cod ([https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126436 Gadus morhua]). This cod species is the most studied and commercially significant cod species in the North Sea, and it plays a crucial role in the region's fisheries.  
Cod is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE).  
 
Different pressures generate by human activities ([[Noise|noise]], [[Bottom Disturbace|bottom disturbance]], [[Surface Disturbance|surface disturbance]], [[Artificial Substrate|artificial substrate]]) have different, complex effects on marine species in terms of movement, survival and procreation.


Cod are caught by all fishing fleets, but mostly by [[Bottom Trawl Catch|bottom trawl]].
The Cod in the North Sea preys on mainly flatfish, but also Mackerel, Demersal Fish, Herring, Mackerel and Sandeel. When Cod is young, they feed mainly on Benthic Invertebrates, as they grow older, they become prey to Seals. The cod in the North Sea edition are sensitive to Noise pollution and Bottom disturbance. Cod is often caught using Bottom Trawl fishing and Drifting & Fixed Nets.  


=North Sea=
==Types==
==Types==
* Very Low Density
* Very Low Density
Line 46: Line 40:
==Metadata==
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
===Data Source===
Enter data source for North Sea here.
Cod is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our [https://community.mspchallenge.info/wiki/Ecosystem_simulation_(MEL_%26_EwE) Wiki page] or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org. 


===Original Title===
For detailed information on how the simulation works for the North Sea Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called [https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11580-250221 "Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning"].
Enter name of the layer at the North Sea source.


===Description===
=Baltic Sea=
Enter the description of the North Sea dataset here.
 
===Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd North Sea


===Methodology===
== Information ==
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge North Sea Edition.
The Baltic Sea is home to the Baltic Cod ([https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=322689#sources Gadus morhua callarias]), which is a subspecies of Common Cod, also referend to as the Atlantic Cod ([https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126436 Gadus morhua]). The Baltic Cod has adapted to the brackish and low-salinity waters of the Baltic Sea. They grow slower and smaller than the Atlantic Cod and have a unique genetic profile. The Baltic cod stocks are divided into the western and eastern stock, separated by the island of Bornholm.  


=Baltic Sea=
The cod in the Baltic Sea preys on Sprat, Herring Baltic Proper and smaller Cod. When Cod is young, they feed mainly on Benthos mass, as they grow older, they become prey to seals. The cod are sensitive to Surface Disturbance, Bottom Disturbance and avoid Noise. In the Baltic Sea cod is caught using Pelagic catch fishing, Passive Demersal Catch and Active Demersal Catch. 


==Types==
==Types==
Baltic Sea types here
* Very Low Density
* Low Density
* Medium Density
* High Density
* Very High Density


==Metadata==
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
===Data Source===
Enter data source for Baltic Sea here.
Cod is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our [https://community.mspchallenge.info/wiki/Ecosystem_simulation_(MEL_%26_EwE) Wiki page] or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.  


===Original Title===
For detailed information on how the simulation works for the Baltic Sea Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335992534_Food-web_modeling_in_the_Maritime_Spatial_Planning_Challenge_Simulation_Platform_Results_from_the_Baltic_Sea_Region "Foodweb modeling in the Maritime Spatial Planning Challenge Simulation Platform: Results from the Baltic Sea Region"]
Enter name of the layer at the Baltic Sea source.
==Western Baltic Sea==
 
The Cod layer in the Western Baltic Sea Edition remains consistent with that featured in the Baltic Sea edition.  
===Description===
=Clyde Marine Region=
Enter the description of the Baltic Sea dataset here.
 
===Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd Baltic Sea


===Methodology===
== Information ==
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Baltic Sea Edition.
In the Clyde Marine Region, the primary species of cod that can be found is the Atlantic Cod ([https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126436 Gadus morhua]).  The Clyde Marine Region, in particular the Clyde estuary, was known for having lots of cod as it provided a favorable environment with its mix of rocky and sandy areas. Historically cod has played an important role for the local fisheries, and the region was known for supporting important cod populations.


=Clyde Marine Region=
Cod in the Clyde Marine Region prey on smaller Cod, Whiting, Flatfish, Herring and Sandeel. When cod is young the mainly feed on Benthicm mass, as they grow older, they become prey to Sharks, Birds and Seals. Cod avoid noisy areas and are mainly caught with Demersal Trawl Catch fishing, as well as Seine Catch and Nephrops Catch.


==Types==
==Types==
Clyde Marine Region types here
* Extremely Low
* Low
* Medium
* High
* Extra High


==Metadata==
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
===Data Source===
Enter data source for Clyde Marine Region here.
Cod is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our [https://community.mspchallenge.info/wiki/Ecosystem_simulation_(MEL_%26_EwE) Wiki page] or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.
 
===Original Title===
Enter name of the layer at the Clyde Marine Region source.
 
===Description===
Enter the description of the Clyde Marine Region dataset here.
 
===Creation Date===
yyyy-mm-dd Clyde Marine Region
 
===Methodology===
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Clyde Marine Region Edition.


For detailed information on how the simulation works for the Clyde Marine Region Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called [https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11580-250221 "Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning"].
=Adriatic Sea=
=Adriatic Sea=


==Types==
== Information ==
Adriatic Sea types here
Not applicable. This layer is not available in the MSP Challenge Adriatic Sea Edition.
 
==Metadata==
===Data Source===
Enter data source for Adriatic Sea here.


===Original Title===
Cod can be found in the Adriatic Sea. However, it is important to note that this region is on the southern edge of their natural range. The cod is not as abundant in the Adriatic Sea as they are in their primal habitat in colder northern waters (WoRMS Editorial Board, 2023).
Enter name of the layer at the Adriatic Sea source.


===Description===
World Register of Marine Species. Available from https://www.marinespecies.org at VLIZ. Accessed 2023-10-02. 
Enter the description of the Adriatic Sea dataset here.


===Creation Date===
=Eastern Mediterranean Sea=
yyyy-mm-dd Adriatic Sea
Not applicable. This layer is not available in the MSP Challenge Eastern Mediterranean Sea Edition.


===Methodology===
Cod is not typically found in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Cod is a cold-water species that is more commonly found in more northern waters, where the water temperature is cooler (WoRMS Editorial Board, 2023).
Enter here how the layer was prepared to be integrated into the MSP Challenge Adriatic Sea Edition.


<headertabs/>
World Register of Marine Species. Available from https://www.marinespecies.org at VLIZ. Accessed 2023-10-02.  <headertabs/>

Latest revision as of 09:11, 22 May 2024

Cod
Layer Cod.png
Layer Info
Category Ecology
Sub-category Fish

Description

Scientific name: Gadus morhua(Atlantic Cod)

Habitat: Benthopelagic
Main role: Predator
Trophic level: 4,4

IUCN Red List Assessment: Vulnerable

Diet: In general, the diet of cod varies depending on its life stage, habitat and the availability of prey. When cod are very young, they primarily feed on small zooplankton. As they grow older their diet includes a wider range of prey, including larger zooplankton, such as shrimp and krill, and small fish. Adult cod are opportunistic feeders, and their diet consists of a variety of fish species, as well as squid and crabs.

Threats: The stock of cod experiences worldwide collapses around the early 1990's and again in the early 2000's. These collapses have had profound ecological, economic and social impacts. The collapses of cod stock highlight the vulnerability of this species to overfishing and changes in environmental conditions.

Information

In the North Sea, several species of cod can be found. The most common and important cod species in the North Sea is the Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua). This cod species is the most studied and commercially significant cod species in the North Sea, and it plays a crucial role in the region's fisheries.

The Cod in the North Sea preys on mainly flatfish, but also Mackerel, Demersal Fish, Herring, Mackerel and Sandeel. When Cod is young, they feed mainly on Benthic Invertebrates, as they grow older, they become prey to Seals. The cod in the North Sea edition are sensitive to Noise pollution and Bottom disturbance. Cod is often caught using Bottom Trawl fishing and Drifting & Fixed Nets.

Types

  • Very Low Density
  • Low Density
  • Medium Density
  • High Density
  • Very High Density

Metadata

Data Source

Cod is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our Wiki page or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.

For detailed information on how the simulation works for the North Sea Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called "Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning".

Information

The Baltic Sea is home to the Baltic Cod (Gadus morhua callarias), which is a subspecies of Common Cod, also referend to as the Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua). The Baltic Cod has adapted to the brackish and low-salinity waters of the Baltic Sea. They grow slower and smaller than the Atlantic Cod and have a unique genetic profile. The Baltic cod stocks are divided into the western and eastern stock, separated by the island of Bornholm.

The cod in the Baltic Sea preys on Sprat, Herring Baltic Proper and smaller Cod. When Cod is young, they feed mainly on Benthos mass, as they grow older, they become prey to seals. The cod are sensitive to Surface Disturbance, Bottom Disturbance and avoid Noise. In the Baltic Sea cod is caught using Pelagic catch fishing, Passive Demersal Catch and Active Demersal Catch.

Types

  • Very Low Density
  • Low Density
  • Medium Density
  • High Density
  • Very High Density

Metadata

Data Source

Cod is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our Wiki page or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.

For detailed information on how the simulation works for the Baltic Sea Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called "Foodweb modeling in the Maritime Spatial Planning Challenge Simulation Platform: Results from the Baltic Sea Region"

Western Baltic Sea

The Cod layer in the Western Baltic Sea Edition remains consistent with that featured in the Baltic Sea edition.

Information

In the Clyde Marine Region, the primary species of cod that can be found is the Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua). The Clyde Marine Region, in particular the Clyde estuary, was known for having lots of cod as it provided a favorable environment with its mix of rocky and sandy areas. Historically cod has played an important role for the local fisheries, and the region was known for supporting important cod populations.

Cod in the Clyde Marine Region prey on smaller Cod, Whiting, Flatfish, Herring and Sandeel. When cod is young the mainly feed on Benthicm mass, as they grow older, they become prey to Sharks, Birds and Seals. Cod avoid noisy areas and are mainly caught with Demersal Trawl Catch fishing, as well as Seine Catch and Nephrops Catch.

Types

  • Extremely Low
  • Low
  • Medium
  • High
  • Extra High

Metadata

Data Source

Cod is a month-by-month, computer generated data layer following calculations made by the ecosystem simulation (EwE). For more information on how Ecopath-with-Ecosim (EwE) works, please visit our Wiki page or visit the official EwE website at https://ecopath.org.

For detailed information on how the simulation works for the Clyde Marine Region Edition, we recommend further exploring our research publication called "Combining ecosystem modeling with serious gaming in support of transboundary maritime spatial planning".

Information

Not applicable. This layer is not available in the MSP Challenge Adriatic Sea Edition.

Cod can be found in the Adriatic Sea. However, it is important to note that this region is on the southern edge of their natural range. The cod is not as abundant in the Adriatic Sea as they are in their primal habitat in colder northern waters (WoRMS Editorial Board, 2023).

World Register of Marine Species. Available from https://www.marinespecies.org at VLIZ. Accessed 2023-10-02.

Not applicable. This layer is not available in the MSP Challenge Eastern Mediterranean Sea Edition.

Cod is not typically found in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Cod is a cold-water species that is more commonly found in more northern waters, where the water temperature is cooler (WoRMS Editorial Board, 2023).

World Register of Marine Species. Available from https://www.marinespecies.org at VLIZ. Accessed 2023-10-02.

Retrieved from "https://knowledge.mspchallenge.info/index.php?title=Cod&oldid=5882"
This page was last edited on 22 May 2024, at 09:11. Content is available under GPLv3 unless otherwise noted.